Best Reputed World Universities Announced

The Times Higher Education has published the annual list of top 100 influential, powerful and best reputed universities in the world. The list is published since 2011, with the research methods growing in complexity and finesse every year. In order to eliminate the possibility of subjectivity, the survey is carried out on invitation-only basis, and includes only the opinions of very experienced scholars with multiple publications and excellent academic reputation, who found their opinions on their understanding of academic excellency, education methods and overall efficiency of universities in question. More than 10,000 responses from 142 countries were processed, with people taking part in the survey spending on average more than 15 years in higher education and research. The main goal of this year’s survey was to achieve the best possible spread, both in terms of geography and disciplines. Engineering, technology, social, physical and other sciences have all been represented more or less equally, and the responses are more evenly spread among countries. Arts and humanities in particular have been represented much better than previously, with their share growing from 9 per cent last year to 16 per cent. The reputation score is based on the number of times the university is mentioned by respondents as the best in their particular field. That said, the survey pays greater attention to the research capabilities of the university than its educational facilities, because, according to experts, respondents in general give more accurate judgment on it. The results, at least in what pertains to the top-20, are not very surprising. The first place is held (and was held since the survey was first conducted in 2011) by Harvard University, still far ahead of its closest contenders. Harvard’s score was taken as the basis for calculations, with all the others showing the percentages of how often it was cited by the respondents. Cambridge and Oxford have risen to second and third places correspondingly, overtaking the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Stanford University that occupied this position last year. British universities have shown better results in general – there are 12 UK universities in the top 100 compared to the last year’s results, with the newcomers being the universities of Durham and Warwick. In general, the USA continues to dominate the list, with 26 US universities in top-50 positions and 43 in the list on the whole. Two universities deserving a notable mention are Tokyo University (twelfth) and the Chinese top higher education institution, Tsinghua University, raising 10 places up to the 26th. Some other countries are notable for their absence – for example, India, despite its strong academic traditions, didn’t make it. It, however, should be noted that the survey authors indicate that only the first 50 positions should be treated as following one another, as the differences in ratings between them is quite noticeable. The difference between ratings of the lowest half of the list, however, is so negligible that these universities are simply said to have made it into the top-100, with the place they occupy being largely irrelevant.

Essay And Peer Reflection Personality Theory - 781 Words

Essay and Peer Reflection: Personality Theory A.J. Molina LeTourneau University Essay and Peer Reflection: Personality Theory Introduction Humanistic Psychology presents insight into understanding human behavior by delving into the individualistic view of each person. The importance of self-actualization infects the Western culture so psychologists need to have an understanding of individuals in order to counsel those who seek counseling. What is it? Humanistic Psychology arose during the 1950’s. The humanistic approach in psychology developed as a rebellion against what some psychologists saw as limitations of the behaviorist and psychodynamic psychology (McLeod, S. A. 2007). It takes into account each individual’s uniqueness and studies the whole person. Personal choice is driven by inner feelings and free will. It enables a focus on private, subjective experience and personal growth and offers a set of values that can be used to understand human behavior based on self-concept. Psychoanalysis concentrates it attention on the influence that the unconscious mind has on behavior while the behaviorist’s focus is on the influence of a stimulus – response behavior. Merits A strength in the school of humanistic psychology is that it allows people to have a stake in the control of their mental health. Value is placed on personal ideas and self-fulfillments. Environmental influences play a role in people’s experiences. A person can make choices regarding theseShow MoreRelatedThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1334 Words   |  6 Pagesmanifested through the relationships she becomes tangled in, from friendships to romance. Throughout The Awakening, Edna Pontellier appears to exist in a semi-conscious state, failing to come to terms with reality. George Arms illustrates this theory in his critical essay, Contrasting Forces in the Novel, connecting it with Edna’s conflicting intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. 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Federal Reserve Paper free essay sample

Federal Reserve Paper Corrin Watson ECO/212 July 3, 2010 Mohamed BenSenia Federal Reserve Paper Money is controlled by the central bank, and they determine the value of the US dollar. Money is defined as the assets that people are generally willing to accept in the exchange of goods and services or for payment of debts (Hubbard OBrien,  2010). The nation’s central bank is called the Federal Reserve Bank, and different tools are used to control and manage the monetary policy. For this is the responsibility of the Federal Reserve Bank. The Federal Reserve Bank is always evaluating the economic solidity and making obligatory changes to the monetary policy in an attempt to stabilize the economic health. Money was generally created to replace the barter system and is used habitually in the world’s economy in exchange of goods and services. Money is used to perform four functions that are medium of exchange, unit of account, store of value, and standard of deferred payment. Medium of exchange is activated when sellers are willing to accept items in exchange of goods or services. The economy is more resourceful when one item serves as medium of exchange, such as the US dollar. Unit of account is normally used in the barter system, where each good has different prices. Once a single good is used as money, each good has one price as opposed to different prices. Unit of account gives buyers and sellers a way of measuring value in terms of money. Store of value is when money allows value to be simply stored. Conversely, it is not the only store of value. Any asset embodies store of value and value is not solidified and may increase in the future. Standard of deferred payment consists of money facilitating exchange at a given moment by providing medium of exchange and unit of account. Furthermore, it can facilitate exchange over time by providing store of value and standard of deferred payment. Money is a considerably large variable in the monetary system. The Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) controls and manages the nation’s monetary system. Fed uses three monetary policy tools to assist in management of the money supply which are open market operations, discount policy, and reserve requirements. These three tools are intended to aid in the control of supply and demand of, and change the volume of checking account deposits. The Federal Reserve has been concerned with the stability of the nation’s current monetary policies and its effects. In the most recent Monetary Policy Report to the Congress, this particular issue was addressed. Their efforts are working toward strengthening the financial system and its oversight so as to minimize the risk of replay of the recent financial crisis (Bernanke, 2010). Should the crisis reoccur, plans to limit economic costs are also discussed. The Fed supports the functioning of financial markets and promotes recovery in economic activity using a wide array of tools. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) maintained a target range of 0 to 1/4 percent for the federal funds rate throughout the second half of 2009 and early 2010 and indicated that economic conditions were likely to warrant exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate for an extended period. Further, the Federal Reserve continued its purchases of Treasury securities, agency mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and agency debt in order to provide support to mortgage and housing markets and to improve overall conditions in private credit markets (para. 9). The Federal Reserve is encouraging a smooth conversion in financial markets as the acquisitions are fulfilled. They are increasing the interest rates paid on reserves and putting pressure on the short-term interest rates, and in the meantime, they will not provide short-term funds less than what they can produce so the funds will be left at Federal Reserve Banks on deposit. The option to redeem or sell securities is made available in order display monetary limitations. The reduction of securities holdings would minimize the amount of reserves remaining in the banking system as well as minimize the size of the Fed balance sheet. Currently, the Federal Reserve does not expect to sell any securities holdings in the future. It is predicted that the labor market conditions will recover over the next couple of years. The Federal Reserve maneuvers the monetary supply into the economy; interest rates, inflation, and level of unemployment become modified. The government uses taxes and interest rates to keep the economy organized. Raising taxes leads to higher unemployment, less efficiency economy, and a reduced production rate by different industries. When interest rates are rapidly raised, acquiring credit becomes more difficult, the cash flow weakens, roduction decreases, and unemployment increases. However, when interest rates are lower, the cash flow increases, banks are more willing to lend money, production increases, and the employment rate rises. Money is purposeful in the exchange of goods and services within the economy. The monetary policy is a gateway for the public to see how the Federal Reserve Bank ma nages and controls the nation’s monetary system. By reviewing and making necessary changes to the monetary policy on a consistent basis, the Federal Reserve Bank can stabilize the finances and promote economic expansion. The Federal Reserve is currently acting on the reconstruction of the improvement of current economic conditions. References Bernanke, B. S. (June 16, 2010). The Squam Lake Report: Fixing the Financial System. Retrieved from http://www. federalreserve. gov/newsevents/speech/bernanke20100616a. htm Hubbard, R. , OBrien, A. (2010). Economics (3rd ed. ). Boston, MA: Pearson Hall. www. federalreserve. gov. (February 24, 2010). Monetary Policy Report to the Congress. Retrieved from http://www. federalresserve. gov/monetarypolicy/mpr_20100224_part1. htm

Public policy evaluation

Introduction Public Policy Strategies (PPS) refer to an agency that promotes public affairs and communication services. Its head quarters are in San Diego. It focuses on crisis management, campaigning of public policies, as well as the government affairs.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Public policy evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The agency has tailored its strategic solutions in order to suit their clients (Dye, 2010). Currently, they have established an enabling communication that has facilitated the flow of information throughout the public. Additionally, it has enabled the public to gain competition power thus the production of tangible results. PPS decision making Initially, PPS has applied science in their strategy decision formulation. it has therefore, used scientific facts to modify its arguments and validate them. They have utilized this as a means of conning the public (Gerston, 2010). However, research has revealed that, scientists do not comply with these arguments. Astoundingly in the PPS, there is extremely insignificant consensus with the basic scientific facts. Currently, science has acted a noteworthy position in the formulation of PPS governmental policy, as well as strategies. Presently, the politicization of science is necessary in order to resolute on policy clashes through technological proficiency rather than politics (Rowe, et al., 2008). Since these efforts are entrenched in divergences on fundamental values, they are futile because the divergences result from neither science nor independent analysis. Challenges and measures Currently, the PPS is facing the problem of determining the most responsible people for making decision. They also face the challenge of identifying some of the problems that they face, as well as the agenda setting. Science plays many roles in the PPS. These roles when adopted imply the nature of science alongside the au tonomous policymaking. For instance, scientists explore personal interests and reveal scientific facts despite their impacts on strategies. Secondly, science entails, in practical activities, which provides to policymakers’ questions (Dye, 2010). Consequently, scientists influence policy strategies though accurate judgment in science.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For effective and functional public policies, there is need for a practical, as well as a working model that would emphasize deliberative autonomous process. Consequently, these processes enable handling of ethical and social issues facilitated by biotechnological trends. Role of science in PPS Myriad measurers are essential in addressing the challenges experienced in the PPS. For instance, there is need of public consultation. Scientifics conduct interviews and surveys on the communities, as well as publi c as general. The recommendations of the research enables realization of astound decisions thus influencing positively on the PPS. Consequently, the public voice would be linked with the resolution making method (Gerston, 2010). Secondly, scientific research has shown that, there is need for gene forum fact-value separation method. The public produces values of virtual importance, experts generate facts of comparative likelihood, and decision makers produce alternatives for relative significance. Thirdly, there is need of development of policies that forms their foundation on science. Consequently, the PPS would experience technocratic vision. In addition, policies should entail a superior reasoning. A two-level model ought to be applied during the policy formulation. Technocratic visions do not make decisions but it rather it informs along with advising the policy makers. For instance, there is the context of inducing practical decisions in the formulation of policy regulation. Las tly, mandated science significantly influences effectively on public policies (Rowe, et al., 2008). Conclusion Scientific research has revealed that, proper involvement of science in PPS is a controversial issue. Science should therefore, only give supportive to challenging ethical, as well as political views. The role of decision making ordinarily remains the responsibility of the government authorities. Concisely, scientific involvement as well a scientific expertise influences profoundly on the development of PPS. Therefore, the government should emphasize and create an enabling atmosphere for better scientific input in PPS. Consequently, appropriate policies would characterize the PPS.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Public policy evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Dye, T. (2010). Understanding public policy. Lebanon, NI: Pearson Prentice Hall. Gerston, L. (2010). Public Policy M aking: Process and Principles.Edmonds, WA: Library of Congress publishers. Rowe, L. et al. (2008). Cyber security economic strategies and public policy. Cheltenhalm, GL: Edward Elgar publishers. This research paper on Public policy evaluation was written and submitted by user Trey Dillon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.